| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 109.4

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 109.4 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Canada and the United States

Susan A. Miller. Coacoochee's Bones: A Seminole Saga. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas. 2003. Pp. xix, 264. $34.95.
This book tells the story of a Seminole leader and his followers who migrated from Florida to Indian Territory and then into Mexico in the nineteenth century. Susan A. Miller, who announces in the first sentence of the book that she is a Seminole of the Tom Palmer Band, asserts that her study "is a contribution toward the decolonization of my tribe's written history" (p. xii). She explains that she favors "perspectives from the Seminole Nation" and rejects "European and Euro-American assumptions that distort the published history of the Seminoles today" (p. xiv).	1
Miller describes Coacoochee as a "military genius" and "charismatic genius" who fought to maintain "a reality where human communities stay in balance within a network of spirits" (pp. 196, 197). Coacoochee's story is indeed remarkable. He fought in the Second Seminole War against removal until 1841. That year, he led his followers west to Indian Territory, where he opposed the colonial policies of the United States and the Seminoles' forced subservience to the Cherokee and later Creek nations. By 1849, the situation had become intolerable, and Coacoochee and a black Seminole named "Gopher John" Cowaya set out together with 120 Seminoles and black Seminoles for Texas. They eventually ended up in northern Mexico, where they received land grants and became Mexican citizens. For several years, their small settlements struggled under pressure from government officials to conform to the practices of Mexican farmers. At the same time, they suffered from frequent raids by Native peoples in the region. Soon after Coachoochee died of smallpox in 1857, the remaining Seminoles returned to the nation in Indian Territory.	. . .

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