| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 109.2

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 109.2 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Canada and the United States

James Horn and Peter S. Onuf, editors. The Revolution of 1800: Democracy, Race, and the New Republic. (Jeffersonian America.) Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia. 2002. Pp. xix, 431. Cloth $59.50, paper $22.50.
Looking back from the year 1819, Thomas Jefferson pronounced his victory in the election of 1800 to mark a "revolution," "as real a revolution in the principles of our government as that of 1776 was in its form." This collection of sixteen essays examines Jefferson's claim. The contrubutors range from the very senior and well-established scholars (e.g. Jack Rakove, Joyce Appleby, Alan Taylor) to the relatively young and up and coming (e.g. Jeffrey Pasley, Robert McDonald, Bethel Saler). The volume originated in a conference at the International Center for Jefferson Studies at Monticello in 2000 and shows more unity and coherence than the average collection of essays manages to muster. As editors James Horn and Peter S. Onuf acknowledge, "we do not suggest that all these essays elaborate a single, overarching thesis" (p. xix), which is true enough, but the volume achieves coherence though the persistent recurrence to the question implied by the title: in what ways, and for whom, was (or was not) 1800 a "revolution"?	1
The essays are organized in what can best be described as a concentric circles pattern. The volume begins with two essays (by James Lewis and Rakove) that focus narrowly on the election itself and the revolutionary possibilities (in a number of different senses) of the super-heated political atmosphere in the context of the odd mechanism governing the presidential election: the electoral college producing a tie between Aaron Burr and Jefferson that had to be resolved in the House of Representatives. As several of the essays make clear, these mechanisms could have produced any number of anomalous results, including Burr, John Adams, or even Charles Pinckney as president. Or perhaps no president.	. . .

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