| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 108.4

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 108.4 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Canada and the United States

Charles Montgomery. The Spanish Redemption: Heritage, Power, and Loss on New Mexico's Upper Rio Grande. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. 2002. Pp. xvi, 338. $50.00.

Visitors from the East to San Diego's Balboa Park, named after Vasco Núñnez de Balboa, are often struck by the Spanish colonial buildings, which were originally built for the 1915–1916 Panama-California Exposition. Although Balboa Park's Spanish colonial buildings are only slightly reminiscent of Spain (perhaps owing to the park's propinquity to Disneyland), it evokes the lost world of Spanish aristocrats and their haciendas, Spanish friars and Indian missions, as well as alluring señritas and the Anglos who came to possess them. This "fantasy heritage" leaves no room for the Mexicans themselves, who formed the backbone of California's agribusiness industry as migrant workers in the twentieth century. Anglo Californians used the cultural material of the Spanish colonial past to mask the presence of mostly poor, mixed-race, immigrant Mexicans in their midst. Such was not the case in New Mexico, Charles Montgomery argues, where the Spanish revival in architecture, local politics, arts and crafts, street festivals, and southwestern literature enabled both Anglos and paisanos (who claimed to be descendants of Spanish colonizers) to transcend the cultural and racial burden of "Mexican" by embracing a Spanish redemptive past.

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