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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 108.4 | The History Cooperative
108.4  
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October, 2003
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Book Review

Comparative/World



J. C. S. Mason. The Moravian Church and the Missionary Awakening in England 1760–1800. (Royal Historical Society Studies in History New Series, number 21.) Rochester, N.Y.: Boydell, for the Royal Historical Society, London. 2001. Pp. xv, 229. $75.00.

One of the significant stories of modern history is the growth of Western religion in the non-Western world. Christianity was initially spread by Roman Catholic religious orders making use of the coercive power of the imperial regimes of Spain, Portugal, and France. The European Protestant churches largely ignored the non-Western world until the eighteenth century, when German pietists and British evangelicals developed an administrative equivalent to the Roman Catholic religious order: the voluntary, privately funded missionary society. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, evangelical Protestantism grew rapidly in the non-Western world, where it was introduced initially by voluntarily funded Western missionaries before taking on a life of its own. 1
      J. C. S. Mason documents the important role of an obscure denomination in promoting evangelical Protestant expansion. The Moravians were a small but cohesive transnational denomination dominated in the early eighteenth century by a colorful religious entrepreneur, Count Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf. Moravian congregations were scattered across the German and English-speaking worlds of the eighteenth century. They remained isolated from mainstream Protestants, who were repelled by the extravagant blood imagery in Moravian hymns and scandalized by the financial mismanagement of Moravian funds by Zinzendorf. Mason is interested in how the Moravians used their missionary endeavors to gain status as a respected religious denomination. . . .

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