| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 107.4

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 107.4 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Europe: Early Modern and Modern

Jay Lockenour. Soldiers as Citizens: Former Wehrmacht Officers in the Federal Republic of Germany, 1945–1955. (Studies in War, Society, and the Military.) Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. 2001. Pp. xii, 255.

Jay Lockenour investigates how former army officers were integrated into West German society after World War II. In six chapters, he treats their efforts to organize before and after 1951, their education and traditions as well as lessons learned in captivity, the veterans' attitude toward politics and rearmament, their view of Western Europe and of communism, and their differing opinions on the failed coup of July 20, 1944. Lockenour rightly considers it a great achievement that the officers, "one of the most important and least understood of the major social groups" (p. 1), became a part of Germany's democratic society, given their hostile attitude toward the Weimar Republic. After all, officers lost their positions and their pensions (until 1951); they spent time in captivity, and were sometimes threatened with war crimes trials; and they faced job discrimination and hostile public opinion. Despite these hardships, former officers embraced Western democratic values within ten years. . . .

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