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Book Review
Canada and the United States
John Majewski. A House Dividing: Economic Development in Pennsylvania and Virginia Before the Civil War. New York: Cambridge University Press. (Studies in Economic History and Policy.) 2000. Pp. xvii, 214. $49.95.
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John Majewski here contributes to the time-honored debate over the regional divergence of the antebellum North and South. Focusing on the funding and development of internal improvements (turnpikes, canals, and railroads) in Albemarle County, Virginia, and Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, Majewski explores how certain southerners and northerners viewed and participated in "market development." Majewski excels at explaining complex economic processes and theories in straightforward terms, and the result is an informative, provocative book. |
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Majewski works to debunk stereotypes of how the two regions diverged. He argues that Virginians were neither precapitalist nor opposed to state intervention in the economy. Virginia, in fact, was home to more banking capital and more railroad track per capita than was Pennsylvania in 1860. The North, for its part, also defies easy characterization: not all Pennsylvania artisans were transformed into workers, for example, nor were merchants' and artisans' interests always at odds. Moreover, populations tended to settle where there was industry, not vice versa. While not without historiographical precedents, these arguments, when taken together, form the basis of a well-structured, creative approach to understanding the era's economic culture. |
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