| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 104.5

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 104.5 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Canada and the United States

Louis S. Warren. The Hunter's Game: Poachers and Conservationists in Twentieth-Century America. New Haven: Yale University Press. 1997. Pp. xi, 227. $30.00.

Louis S. Warren argues persuasively that a book about animals addresses issues of life and livelihood typified by hunting for the table and market stall. It also tackles a potent symbol of access to abundant game and open space in the American West. Drawing on Frederick Jackson Turner's frontier thesis, which posits the inevitability of domination through white settlement, and on Garrett Hardin's thesis about the need for social constraints if subsistence from the "commons" is to continue, Warren organizes his 227-page book around six examples that address and challenge these positions. He insists that both Turner's and Hardin's statements are flawed: the former never comes to grips with the frontier in a rigorous way, the latter oversimplifies both the ecological and social characteristics of the commons (which was, in fact, never open to all people). Nevertheless, both authors, he says, "point to the centrality of free access to abundant resources as an organizing concept in history, particularly in the American West" (p. 8). 1

Technology (horses and firearms) provided one form of access, and federal laws and institutions coopted, reorganized, and rearticulated indigenous and local attitudes toward and treatment of wildlife. Warren's telling point is that local systems of appropriation already governed human access to and harvest of elk, bison, and other animals. Interventions by regional and federal authorities undermined existing strategies and patterns of wild animal use, largely due to the establishment of trade and market networks. . . .

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