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| Book Review | The Western Historical Quarterly, 34.2 | The History Cooperative
34.2  
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Summer, 2003
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Book Review


Shifting Borders: Rhetoric, Immigration, and California's Proposition 187. By Kent A. Ono and John M. Sloop. (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2002. viii + 253 pp. Appendix, notes, references, index. $64.50, cloth; $19.95, paper.)

     Shifting Borders "examines the rhetoric of migration by focusing on contemporary media representations of migration in the United States and, more specifically, on the rhetoric surrounding Proposition 187" (p. 1). The 1994 California initiative "makes illegal aliens ineligible for public services ... requires various state and local agencies to report persons who are suspected illegal aliens ... [and] makes it a felony to manufacture, distribute, sell or use false citizenship or residence documents" (p. 169). The initiative passed. Following challenges by opponents and a temporary restraining order to block its immediate enforcement, the U. S. District Court overturned the proposition's major components in 1998, because it possibly conflicted with federal statutes and the U. S. Constitution. As "a popular public policy issue that produced a sustained rhetoric of nativism and xenophobia," Ono and Sloop assert that it "allows us to study the role rhetoric plays in shaping social [and national] borders and constructing immigrant identities and international [and race] relationships" (p. 3). Hence, "rhetoric shifts borders," altering the meaning of borders, nations, and peoples in the political debate. . . .


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