| Book Review | Environmental History, 12.1

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| Book Review | Environmental History, 12.1 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Packing Them In: An Archeology of Environmental Racism In Chicago, 1865–1954. By Sylvia Hood Washington. Lanham, MD, Boulder, CO, New York, Toronto, Oxford: Lexington Books, 2005. x + 213 pages. Illustrations, notes, and index. Cloth $60.00, paper $19.95.

Sylvia Hood Washington's Packing Them In serves as a valuable link in the history of the environmental justice movement. Washington applies the social-power theories of Michel Foucault and various theories on the historic fluidity of race definitions to build her narrative. Rather than join the debate between environmental justice authors on whether race or class plays the dominant role in determining environmental burdens, Washington depicts "others" as victims. Through restrictive covenants, nativism, racism, and outright violence, elite whites deliberately constructed certain areas of Chicago as places for "social and political lepers" in society. These outcasts included both immigrant groups and African Americans.

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