| Book Review | Environmental History, 10.3

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| Book Review | Environmental History, 10.3 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

The Calusa and Their Legacy: South Florida People and Their Environments. By Darcie A. MacMahon and William H. Marquardt. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2004. xiv + 183 pp. Illustrations, notes, suggested readings, bibliography, index. $39.95.

Anyone interested in South Florida—its landscape, wildlife, native peoples, and their history—will be drawn to this attractive and engaging volume. In The Calusa and Their Legacy, MacMahon and Marquardt, two archaeologists and museum specialists from the Florida Museum of Natural History in Gainesville, provide a vivid picture of the Calusa Indians and their natural world. The last of Florida's native peoples to succumb to the Columbian invasion, the Calusa once dominated the region from Charlotte Harbor to the southern tip of this important Spanish colony. Their complex, hierarchical society on the model of Mississippian culture was dispersed in as many as sixty mounded villages and was ruled by a cacique whose influence spread throughout the lower half of the Florida peninsula. By the second decade of the eighteenth century, however, disease, enslavement, and the displacement of Spanish colonization had taken their toll. Too few Calusa survived to be any longer recognized as a discrete people. By the nineteenth century and the transfer of Florida to the United States, their culture had given way to fusion groups such as the Seminole and Miccosukee that were so common on the peripheries of American society. A final chapter of this volume covers their world.

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